Pyramus and Thisbe

(from Edith Hamilton’s “Mythology: Timeless Tales of Gods and Heroes”)

Lesson Objective:

Reading:        Transcode information from linear to non-linear texts (PSSLC: Reading 3.1)

Literature:      Describe the various types of conflict evident in the selection (PSSLC: Lit. 1.2.2)

Deduce the theme from a narrative (PSSLC: Lit. 1.2.3)

Determine how the plot of a story develops (PSSLC: Lit. 1.2.4)

Identify the values reflected in various text types in world literature (PSSLC: Lit. 2.1)

Motive Question: What kind of love was shared by the two main characters in the story?

Vocabulary Guide Chink: narrow crack or opening Hoarfrost: frost Lament: mourn Bold: brave Slake: quench Cloak: a loose sleeveless outer garment  sometimes worn instead of a coat Lair: a place where a wild animal rests and feeds its young Inevitable: unavoidable

Once upon a time the deep red berries of the mulberry tree were as white as snow. The change in color came about strangely and sadly. The death  of the two young lovers was the cause.

Pyramus and Thisbe, he the most beautiful youth and she the loveliest maiden of all the East, lived in Babylon, the city of Queen Semiramis, in houses so close together that one wall was common to both. Growing up thus side by side they learned to love each other. They longed to marry, but their parents forbade. Love, however, cannot be forbidden. The more that flame is covered up, the hotter it burns. Also love can always find a way. It was impossible that those two whose hearts were on fire should be kept apart.

In the wall both houses shared there was a little chink. No one before had noticed it, but there is nothing a lover does not notice. Our two young people discovered it and through it they were able to whisper  sweetly back and forth. Thisbe on the side, Pyramus on the other. The hateful wall that separated them had become their means of reaching each other. “But for you we could touch, kiss,” they would say. “But at least you let us speak together. You give a passage for loving words to reach loving ears. We are not ungrateful.” So they would talk, and as night came on and they must part, each would press on the wall kisses that could not go through to the lips on the other side.

Every morning when the dawn had put out the stars, and the sun’s rays had dried the hoarfrost on the grass, they would steal to the crack and, standing there, now utter words of burning love and now lament their hard fate, but always in softest whispers. Finally, a day came when they could endure no longer. They decided that that very night they would try to slip away and steal out through the city into the open country where at last they could be together in freedom. They agreed to meet at a well-known place, the Tomb of Ninus, under a tree there, a tall mulberry full of snow-white berries, near which a cool spring bubbled up. The plan pleased them and it seemed to seem the day would never end.

At last, the sun sank into the sea and night arose. In the darkness, Thisbe crept out and made her way in all secrecy to the tomb. Pyramus had not come; still she waited for him, her love making her bold. But of a sudden, she saw by the light of a moon, a lioness. The fierce beast had made a kill; her jaws were bloody and she was coming to slake her thirst in the spring. She was still far away from Thisbe to escape, but as she fled she dropped her cloak. The lioness came upon it on her way back to her lair and she mouthed it and tore it before disappearing into the woods. That is what Pyramus saw when he appeared a few minutes later. Before him, lay the bloodstained shreds of the cloak and clear in the dust were the tracks of the lioness. The conclusion was inevitable. He never doubted that he knew all. Thisbe was dead. He had let his love, a tender maiden, come alone to a place full of danger, and not been there first to protect her. “It is I who had killed you,” he said. He  lifted up from the trampled dust what was left of the cloak and kissing it again and again carried it to the mulberry tree. “Now,” he said, “you shall drink my blood too.” He drew his sword and plunged it into his side. The blood spurted up over the berries and dyed them dark red.

Thisbe, although terrified of the lioness , was still more afraid to fail her lover. She ventured to go back to the tree of the tryst, the mulberry with the shining white fruit. She could not find it. A tree was there, but not one gleam of white was on its branches. As she stared at it, something moved on the ground beneath. She started back shuddering. But in a moment, peering through the shadows, she saw what was there. It was Pyramus, bathed in blood and dying. She flew to him and threw her arms around him. She kissed his cold lips and begged him to look at her, to speak to her. “It is I, your Thisbe, your dearest,” she cried to him. At the sound of her name he opened his heavy eyes for one look. Then death closed them.

She saw his sword fallen from his hand and beside it her cloak stained and torn. She understood all. Your own hand killed you,” she said, “and your love for me. I too can be brave. I too can love. Only death would have had the power to separate us. It shall not have that power now.” She plunged into her heart the sword that was still wet with his life’s blood.

The gods were pitiful at the end and the lover’s parents too. The deep red fruit of the mulberry is the everlasting memorial of these true lovers, and one urn holds, the ashes of the two whom not even death could part.

Comprehension Activities:

Group 1:Make a  story map.

Group 2: Make a sequence map

Group 3: Think About What Characters Value

Use the following to compare the characters’ values with yours.

What are values?	Where do values come from?
List of your values:	These values come from:
List of the characters’ values.	These values came from:

Group 4: Answer the following question:

What are the realistic themes and issues in the story? Do they have something to do with growing up, peer pressure, friendships, family relationships, survival, etc? Discuss two themes that the story has explored.